The Journal of Turk & Islam World Social Studies, Year 2024 Issue 42

An Example of a Power Indicator “Ayastefanos Monument”

Nihat Sezer SABAHAT — 2026-07-16

It is known in the historical records that in the historical past of civilizations and nations, lands seized after war/occupation, cultural assimilation was carried out by the state on nations, and works of art, especially architectural and monumental applications, have been an indispensable tool for those who seized power or the powerful side for centuries. Examples of these practices are frequently encountered in Anatolian Geography, as in every part of the world. The San Stefano Monument, which was built in line with the political developments that took place between the 1877-1878 and 1914 Ottoman-Russian wars, known as the '93 War, as an example of this power struggle, is one of the examples that Russia built as a sign of victory despite the objections of the Ottoman people. By considering how the ideological attitudes of the governments on a work of art are reflected in the construction and destruction process and the developments in this process, the fact that the work of art is essentially a cultural heritage is discussed in the research. In the research, by using the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, the "Ayastefanos Monument", which is an example of the political approaches of the governments towards the works of art, was examined and from the findings obtained, it was determined how the power of power was used on the works of art and the positive/negative effect of this power on the works of art, thus contributing to the studies to be carried out in the field. aims to present.

Undistorted Communication as A Logical Element of Communication

Ayşegül DEDE — 2026-07-16

Habermas examines communication as instrumental action, and strategic action, and considers communicative action, treating communicative action as a separate category from the other two. This distinction arises because instrumental communication dominates the system world, the life world is shaped by commutative action. According to Habermas, communicative action possesses a revolutionary quality and the potential to eliminate the destructive elements the destructive elements of modernity from social structure. This study aims to explain the phenomenon of undistorted communication in correct, consistent, and effective communication. The study analyzes the concept of undistorted communication as a condition for realizing communicative rationality in Habermas’s theory of communicative action, alongside the idea of fallacy. It explains that the fallacy concept can serve as a tool for achieving undistorted communication, which occurs in rational and consensus-driven situations within Habermas’s framework.

The Reflection of Anatolian Culture on Rural Architecture: Sivas/Koyulhisar Aksu Village Chamber

Şuayip ÇELEMOĞLU — 2026-07-16

Village chambers are places where the people of the village gather together, chat, celebrate holidays, perform weddings ceremonies, and where guests coming to the village stay. Village chambers, which appear as a reflection of the hospitality in Anatolian culture on architecture, are of social and cultural importance. Apart from the accommodation function, village chambers where education, communication, public law, entertainment, political, economic and social issues are discussed usually form part of the houses belonging to rich people or are built detached by the village people in an area close to the village center. The number of village chambers that have lost their functions for various reasons and have been abandoned to their fate is decreasing day by day, and these structures, which are on the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list, are disappearing. Therefore, with the study carried out, it is aimed to examine and evaluate the Aksu Village Chamber within the boundaries of Koyulhisar district, Sivas province, which is one of the important examples of folk architecture and culture, by documenting it with photographs and drawings within the framework of the discipline of Art History. The room, which is built in one storey as a detached house, is located on a sloping land. The structure with a gable roof, which sits on a rectangular area close to about square, is of the nimseki plan type. Because it was built with the functional aspect in the foreground, stone and wooden ornament elements are encountered in some parts of the room, which has a simple appearance in terms of ornament. The room is built in the çantı technique with partially chipped wooden logs on a rubble stone foundation. 19. the village room, which is dated to the end of the century, reflects the cultural identity of the region both in terms of its architectural features and its construction with the çantı technique. For this reason, the village room is of importance as a cultural asset worthy of protection.

An Evaluation on Traces of Pre-Islamic Interaction in Turkish Miniature Art

Seyhan Mercan KALAYCIErhan GÜNAY — 2026-07-16

This study was conducted to examine the effects of Turkish miniature art on the traces of its pre-Islamic and post-Islamic development. Turkish Miniature Art among traditional Turkish arts; Starting from the Uyghurs who lived around Turfan, Bezeklik and Hoço in Central Asia in the pre-Islamic periods, it had an important place in the great Turkish states such as the Great Seljuks, Ilkhanids, Timur and the Ottoman Empire. It is understood from the works that have survived until today that there are works that are very important in terms of style in the development of Turkish miniature art. When we look at the history of pre-Islamic miniature art, B.C. It is seen that the first examples were found in Egypt in the 2000s. Many manuscripts with miniatures can be found in the Christian world and the Islamic world. It is understood from literature studies that important examples of miniature art were produced in many Turkish states, especially the Seljuks, and that they were made by schools where important miniature artists were trained. The most well-known miniature schools include Tabriz School, Shiraz school, Baghdad school, Herat school, Isfan School, Qazvin school and Ottoman Ehli Hiref School. In these schools, muralists continued their miniature works in a certain order, reflecting their stylistic characteristics. Especially with the spread of the Seljuks, starting from Iran, to Asia, Mesopotamia and Anatolia after the Battle of Manzikert, the development of Turkish-Islamic Miniature art accelerated. In addition, with the pre-existing beliefs, the traces of ancient civilizations in the transition to settled life, and the acceptance of the Islamic religion, Turkish miniature art has an important place with its own stylistic features.

The Effect of Inflation Accounting Application on the Financial Statements of Businesses: An Application in the Manufacturing Sector

Yusuf Cahit ÇUKACIİdris CANPOLAT — 2026-07-16

Inflation refers to the continuous increase in the prices of goods and services in an economy during a certain period. Inflation is a phenomenon that causes the value of businesses' resources to decrease and become worthless after a certain period of time, and the total value of their assets to decrease. For this reason, in economies with high inflation, the financial statements of businesses are far from reflecting reality. The way for financial statements to reflect reality is possible by implementing practices such as inflation accounting, which is one of the practices that will eliminate or reduce the difference between the book value and market value of assets over time. In this study, the financial statements of a company operating in the manufacturing sector were examined and the financial statements of the company in question were subjected to inflation correction. In correcting the financial statements of the business, non-monetary items were analyzed and the results were evaluated mutually after inflation accounting was applied to the financial statements of the business. The aim of the study is to give general information about inflation accounting and to express the changes that occur in the financial statements of a business operating in the manufacturing sector after inflation accounting is applied to its financial statements. In the first part of the study, explanations about inflation and inflation accounting are included. In the second part, information about inflation accounting and financial statements is explained. In the third part, the impact of inflation accounting practices on financial statements is discussed. In the last part of the study, the changes that occurred in the financial statements before and after the implementation of inflation accounting were analyzed in detail.

An Analysis of the Use of Metaphors in Mehmet Resul Kaçar’s Oil Paintings

Mahmut ÖZKAN — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to identify the metaphors in the paintings of Mehmet Resul Kaçar, an artist who offers us exemplary works through his successful paintings, and to elucidate their meanings. The research employs the case study design, a qualitative research method. Data collection involved a semi-structured interview form consisting of 14 open-ended questions conducted face-to-face, as well as the analysis of selected oil paintings by Mehmet Resul Kaçar, namely "Field of Roses," "Goats," "Goats Series 7," and "Walking Trees 1." The visual images of the works were analyzed using contextual analysis, while the interview questions were analyzed through content analysis. The results were described and interpreted by the researcher. The study is limited to four of Mehmet Resul Kaçar's oil paintings. The findings suggest that Kaçar's paintings prominently feature metaphorical expressions, particularly through the use of the color yellow, and the metaphors of goats and trees. The goat metaphor in Kaçar’s works is intended to highlight the mythological, religious, and social significance of goats in Turkish civilizations and around the world. The tree metaphor emphasizes the importance of drawing from one’s cultural roots, battling life’s challenges, fostering tolerance, and promoting the value of sharing. Additionally, it is concluded that the yellow metaphor in Kaçar’s paintings symbolizes the final stage of the life cycle.

Visual in Increasing Sales in Home Textile E-Commerce Impact of Factors

Doğan KUTUKIZGülçin SARIKAYA — 2026-07-16

This study focuses on evaluating the impact of product photography on user engagement and purchasing behavior in the home textiles e-commerce sector on the online sales site, Irya.com. The primary aim of the research is to examine how product photographs influence sales in the home textiles e-commerce industry. The study seeks to test the hypothesis that high-quality photographs positively affect sales on e-commerce platforms. For this purpose, scenarios where old and new photographs were used on the website during specific periods in 2022 and 2023 were compared. Weekly data analysis and the Wilcoxon test were used to assess the impact of different product photographs on user behavior and sales performance. The findings of the study statistically determined that the use of new photographs led to a significant increase in page views, average time spent on the page, and purchase rates. The results indicate that good photographs positively influence website performance and affect customers' purchasing decisions, demonstrating the importance of visual factors in enhancing sales in the home textiles e-commerce sector. The results underscore the critical role of product photographs in increasing sales and improving user experience in the home textiles e-commerce industry. By showing the positive impact of high-quality product photographs on sales metrics, the study highlights that e-commerce platforms should prioritize visual elements to enhance customer engagement and revenue. The findings provide valuable insights for businesses operating in the home textiles e-commerce sector, emphasizing the importance of using visually appealing product photographs as a successful sales strategy to attract customers and boost sales performance.

The Reflection of the Elements and Symbols in Shamanism in Barış Erdoğan's Works

Elif TUNCERGonca YAYAN — 2026-07-16

Existentially, human beings have tended to believe in a being that transcends themselves in difficult times when they are helpless and powerless. Civilizations living in the Anatolian geography influenced their own lifestyles with their spiritual values, beliefs, religious practices and rituals. Shamanism, which is referred to as the Kam belief in some sources and the Sky God in others, has been passed down from generation to generation for hundreds of years and continues to exist in our subconscious today. In addition to the knowledge that artist Barış Erdoğan has acquired over time and his subconscious experiences, Anatolian cultural elements and Shamanism symbols have become the main subject of his paintings. In this study, it was aimed to identify and examine the Shamanist elements and symbols in nine works of Barış Erdoğan, one of the contemporary artists of Turkish painting, by using the literature review method, one of the qualitative research methods. As a result, based on the Anatolian culture and traditions that Barış Erdoğan experienced in his works, he tried to successfully reflect these facts and human values in the family, within his own artistic view.

A View of Miracles of Prophet Muhammed from Tafsir of Elmalılı M. Hamdi Yazır

Kamil BARAN — 2026-07-16

Throughout history, those who claimed to be prophets were first asked for miracles by their people since they were accepted as proof of the one who claimed to be a prophet. Therefore, God supported His prophets with various miracles to satisfy the people’s hearts, remove their doubts, and prove the righteousness of the prophets. It is a matter of historical record that several miracles, particularly the miracle of the Holy Qur’an, were given to the last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as proof of his prophethood. With this premise, this study aims to reveal how the modern movements in the Islamic World at the beginning of the 20th century, especially in the religious field, were reflected on the concept of miracles and the Prophet’s miracles in the example of Elmalılı. In this respect, the concept of miracle is given at a minimum level. Then, the understanding of miracles and the approach of Elmalılı Muhammad Hamdi Yazır to the Prophet’s spiritual, sensory, and foretold miracles in his tafsir ‘The Truth [God]’s Religion Quran’s language’ are discussed within the framework of his interpretations of the verses and narrations. Elmalılı, who is considered to follow a traditional way on the issue of miracles in general and the Prophet’s miracles in particular, elaborated to explain the possibility of the occurrence of miracles with spiritual and scientific explanations without ignoring the miraculous aspects of miracles, especially when elucidating the sensory miracles. Believing that the Prophet was the greatest and most perfect of all Prophets, Elmalılı argued that the miracles ascribed to the Prophet, especially the Holy Qur’an, were superior to the miracles of other prophets and considered the incident of the Elephant, which occurred before the Prophet’s birth, as a miracle in preparation for his prophethood.

The Development of Education for Sustainable Development in Turkey: A Historical Review (1990-2024)

Serkan Deniz KOŞOÇAYDAN — 2026-07-16

This article presents new findings and analyses the changes in the discourse on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Turkey over the last three decades. Since 1990, discourse analysis has been conducted to examine changes in the discourse on ESD in official national development reports and evaluation reports published up to the present day, and these have been compared with the concept of ESD in the UNESCO framework. The findings reveal that Turkey is in line with international agreements on education for sustainable development, but between economic development and environmental development, economic development is given more importance. It is also concluded that environmental education and awareness raising activities in Turkey are continuously improving. This article also focuses on the history of ESD, the role of education and practices in Turkey. The contribution of important events such as the Brundtland Report and the Rio Conference to environmental education is analysed. Analyses of policies and practices in Turkey on environmental education, challenges and solutions are discussed. Turkey's current situation on ESD is evaluated and recommendations for the future are presented. In the research, official National Development Plans (1990-2024) and evaluation reports were analysed and the discourses on ESD were evaluated. It was observed that Turkey's approach to the concept of ESD is in line with UNESCO's 2030 targets. However, various difficulties were experienced in implementation. It was concluded that in order to increase the effectiveness of sustainable development education, innovative teaching methods should be developed, teachers should be trained on sustainability issues and public awareness should be raised. Sustainable development education policies and practices in Turkey have been developed in line with international standards, but more support is needed in implementation.

Examining the Impact of Introductory Law and Sports Law Courses on Students’ Knowledge and Awareness of Law and Sports Law in Sports Management Departments

Alperen PEPE — 2026-07-16

This research was conducted using the survey screening model to examine the impact of Law and Sports Law courses taught in Sports Management departments on students’ knowledge and awareness of law and sports law. The population of the study was determined based on accessibility. The study population consisted of 650 students who had taken Introduction to Law and Sports Law courses in the Sports Management Departments of the Sports Sciences Faculties at Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Akdeniz University, Selçuk University, and Balıkesir University. The sample group comprised 464 students selected from the population based on voluntary participation. Data were collected through a questionnaire. By reviewing the contents of the Introduction to Law and Sports Law courses and the intended learning outcomes for students, a “Law and Sports Law Knowledge and Awareness” questionnaire was developed. The clarity and content validity of the developed questionnaire were ensured through expert opinions, while its validity and reliability were verified using the test-retest method. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was found to be 0.90. After being informed about the topic, the questionnaire was completed by 464 participants. Ultimately, the questionnaires of 456 participants, consisting of 294 males and 162 females who completed the questionnaire without errors, were included in the evaluation. The data obtained in line with the research objectives were transferred to a suitable computer environment for statistical analysis. Statistical procedures such as frequency (%), and Independent Samples T-Test were conducted to determine the differences between variables. According to the data obtained within the scope of the research, it can be stated that the impact of the “Law and Sports Law” courses on participants’ knowledge and awareness of law and sports law is at a moderate level.

A New Approach in Education: Integrating the Quantum Learning Method into Visual Arts Lessons

Muhammet OBA Ali Ertuğrul KÜPELİ — 2026-07-16

This study examines the effects of the Quantum Learning Method on 7th-grade primary school students in visual arts classes and explores student perspectives on this method. Quantum learning is an innovative educational model that aims to make learning more engaging and long-lasting by capturing students' interest. The research was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Students' views were collected through semi-structured interviews, while achievement tests were administered to both experimental and control groups to measure the method's effectiveness. The Quantum Learning Method was applied to the experimental group, while traditional teaching methods were used in the control group. The findings show that the Quantum Learning Method was generally well received by students, making the lessons more enjoyable, engaging, and instructive. Students appreciated creative activities, such as drawing with music, and found the lessons more memorable. However, some students expressed that the method could be complex and tiring. A significant increase in academic performance was also observed among students in the experimental group. The study emphasizes the potential benefits of the Quantum Learning Method not only in visual arts classes but also in other subjects, highlighting its ability to enhance the quality of education. However, it suggests that adjustments may be necessary to reduce the complexity of the method. Overall, this approach could contribute to the development of innovative practices in education.

Evaluation of the Relation between Institutions, Democracy and Economic Performance in Open Market Economies from the Perspective of Türkiye

Tolga KABAŞ — 2026-07-16

Developing countries are forced to choose the most suitable development paradigm in order to modernise, evolve to capitalism and structurally change. Between 1950s and 1980s Structuralist paradigm and Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) strategies were applied in developing countries. However since the begining of 1980s Export Led Growth (ELG) model and Neoliberal views are popular in the developing world. Since 1980s many social researchers try to investigate the influences of free market economy, economic institutions and democracy on economic performance. The studies reveal that the institutional capital of a country affects the economic performance and development level of the country. Western liberal countries economic sucesss is achieved by constructing a good institutional environment and liberal democracy. Developing countries can not realize a high economic performance and a high quality development due to bad economic institutions and democratic deficits occuring in their countries. However, there is no universal formula for developing countries to choose good economic/political institutions and manage their open economies. Developing countries who can manage globalization policies wisely are sucessful to achieve development and high growth rates. Within this regard, etatist industrialization in Turkey, which had started during 1930s, ended with January 24 1980 economic measures. Since the beginning of 1980s, Turkey is trying to modernize with Neoliberalism that is, Neoclassical economics. In this study, the relationship between institutions, open economy, democracy and economic performance are tried to be explained by using the approach of economic sociology.

Systematic Literature Review of Theses Related to Cumba

Zeynep DUMANGÖZHicran Hanım HALAÇ — 2026-07-16

Bay window is known as a covered, latticed window or closed balcony that protrudes from the surface of the building on the facades of the buildings, is not visible from the outside and provides a view to the street. In this study, it is aimed to examine the postgraduate theses written about bay windows in traditional houses. In this context, 164 theses from the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) thesis database, in which the words "cafe", "ivan", "throne", "sekilik", "cihanüma", "makat", "gurfe", "rizalit", "ahnişin", "tahboş", "şahniş", "oriel window", "bay window" are mentioned, were also included in the study. the thesis has been reached. When the data taken from the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) thesis database and the conflicting and irrelevant terms were removed from the bay window and other terms in the traditional house, 68 theses remained. These accessed theses were analyzed by content analysis method within the data obtained in terms of "keyword distribution", "access status", "language distribution", "type", "sample content". In the study, the numbers, percentages and the data obtained regarding the bay window were conveyed. It is expected that the study will increase awareness about bay windows in academic circles.

Speech Difficulties Arising from Neurological and Organic Factors in Learners of Arabic as a Foreign Language

Ahmed ALDYAB — 2026-07-16

There is no doubt that building sentences or speaking in a second language is one of the most challenging and complex skills. This is because of the brevity of language during speech, which encompasses elements such as phonetics, syntax, and vocabulary, all of which play a critical role in effective communication. In contrast, acquiring writing skills can often be achieved in a relatively short period. Even if a student makes some mistakes in their writing, it is possible for them to recognize and understand these mistakes. Similarly, the situation is the same for reading skills, where a significant majority, around 80% to 90%, can perform reading tasks effectively. However, it is observed that while students invest considerable time in learning to speak, only a small fraction achieve their goals. This is because speaking is a complex process consisting of numerous components, principles, and foundations, and this situation is frequently overlooked by many second language learners. Any deficiency in the components of this process inevitably leads to deficiencies in speech. The more complete and interconnected these foundations are, the more proficient and effective the student’s speaking ability will be. Recently, language experts, psychologists, and educators have recognized that constructing sentences in one's native or target language requires special attention. This situation is linked to various fundamental factors. Among these factors, neurological and organic factors play a significant role in understanding the speech process and the difficulties faced by second language learners. This research addresses the significant challenges students encounter during speech that arise from neurological and organic factors.

Andalusian Philosopher/Astronomer Nuruddin Al-Bitruji's Critiques of Ptolemy

Bayram TAMTÜRK — 2026-07-16

Al-Bitruji criticized Ptolemy's view of the universe as being contrary to Aristotelian physics and considering that it contradicts physical observations. Sometimes he tried to reveal the inconsistencies in Ptolemy's theory by emphasizing logically and philosophically contradictory points. It is necessary to take into account that Aristotle, Ptolemy and Al-Bitruji accepted the view of an Earth-centered universe. Al-Bitruji rejected the theory of epicycles used by Ptolemy to explain the anomalies in the movements of celestial bodies for reasons such as shifting the Earth from the center of the universe and not being able to explain the mentioned anomalies. According to Bitruci, the anomalies in the movements of the planets were caused by observation errors and preliminary assumptions. His proposal of a physical principle for the cause of motion, faithful to Aristotelian physics, should be carefully examined in terms of being a pioneer to the modern understanding of science. Systematic criticism of the Ptolemaic theory, which has been used in the foundation of many cosmological theories, shows its contribution to science. Written in 1217, Kitab fi’l-Hey’e was translated into Latin and Hebrew and read and considered by the leading scientists of the Renaissance such as Copernicus in Europe. The discussion of the contributions of the work to the progress of modern science will increase its importance. The text has been prepared by taking the Arabic copy of the work, which has been studied extensively for the first time, to the center. The English translation has been used as far as possible. The titles of criticism are investigated from the work of Ptolemy. The subject has been discussed by including articles and resources written about the subject. The practical studies carried out on astronomy and its value are obvious. It is expected that the possible contribution of the article will be evaluated as an examination of the theoretical background of the science of Astronomy in Islamic Philosophy.

The Integration of Business Information Systems with the Marketing, Finance and Human Resources Functions of the Business

Halid HALİD — 2026-07-16

The emergence of cognitive values from the intellectual and ideological backgrounds of novelists makes it difficult to distinguish between the novel's text and its social context. It is impossible to examine the text as an independent unit free from external influences. This is evident in the works of Egyptian author Naguib Al-Kilani, especially in his novel "The Long Road." Our research highlighted the novel's relationship with the reader as an experience that reshapes reality and the reader's interaction with the real world. We also demonstrated the impact of ethical and social values on the novel genre. The research problem explores the extent to which the author can construct and shape his novel based on moral cognitive foundations. The author builds his novel by balancing positive and negative values. This study aims to focus on the cognitive values evident in the author's novel, using a fully inductive method to reveal their presence and impact.

Derin Öğrenme Algoritmaları Kullanmanın ve Wicca'yı Uygulamanın Etkisi Arasındaki Karşılaştırma (Al-Thaalabi'nin Al-Bayan'ını ve Al-Wahidi'nin Al-Waseet'ini Kullanarak Sözel ve Dilbilgisel Anlamı Tespit Etmeye Yönelik Bir Örnek Olay Çalışması)

Mohamed Muftah Mohamed BAKİR — 2026-07-16

Abstract

This study compares the effectiveness of deep learning algorithms and the application of Weka software in semantic and syntactic analysis, focusing on Al-Tha'alibi's "Al-Bayan" as well as Al-Wahidi's "Al-Waseet". Furthermore, the research investigates how these advanced computational methods can enhance the understanding of Arabic literary texts, examining their potential in extracting and interpreting linguistic meanings. Moreover, the study aims to bridge traditional Arabic literary analysis with modern computational linguistics, offering insights into the nuances of Arabic language through automated tools.

Hamiduddin Kirmânî (H. 411) ve İbn Arabi’de (H. 638) İnsan-ı Kâmil Kavramı: Karşılaştırmalı Analitik Bir Çalışma

Rasha GHANNOUM — 2026-07-16

الملخص : إن قضية الإنسان المثالي جسديا وروحيا وكيفية الوصول إلى أعلى درجات الكمال كانت موضوعا للفكر الفلسفي منذ القدم. وأدى ذلك إلى ظهور مفهوم "الإنسان المثالي". وقد بلغ هذا المفهوم ذروته عند بعض الطوائف، ولا سيما الطائفة الإسماعيلية، مع زعيمها أحمد حامد الدين الكرماني، الذي ناقش مفهوم الإمامة وحدود الدين. وكذلك الحال عند الصوفية، خاصة مع زعيمهم ابن عربي، الذي كان من أوائل من أطلقوا لفظ "أولياء" على الإنسان الوالي. وتهدف هذه الدراسة التحليلية المقارنة بين هاتين المدرستين، ممثلتين بهذين المفكرين، إلى مناقشة معنى الإنسان الكامل، وخصائصه، وصفاته، وطرق الوصول إليه، ومصادره بحسب كل منهما. كما يبحث في مدى الاتفاق والاختلاف بينهما في "مفهوم الإنسان الوالي ".

Yirminci Yüzyıl Suriye’sinde Edebî ve Kültürel Dergiler (el-Marife Dergisi Örneği 1962-2011)

Suud Yusuf AKYÜZ — 2026-07-16

The political, economic, and social conditions in Syria were turbulent during the twentieth century, especially in the first half of it, due to the events of World War I and the national revolutions against the French occupier. These disturbances had a negative impact on the rise of cultural and intellectual projects, but despite these circumstances, there were intellectual and cultural movements in Syria that were striving to rise and continue. Several cultural, intellectual, and political journals emerged, some of which stopped and some of which are still publishing to this day. One of the most significant of these journals is “Al-Marifa Journal,” which is still publishing today after its inaugural issue was released by the Syrian Ministry of Culture in 1962. Al-Marifa Journal was selected as the subject of this research for a number of reasons, chief among them being its broad scope, which encompasses philosophy, literature, culture, politics, and history. In addition to that, it has been regularly publishing since its first launch until the date of writing this research. Moreover, major Arab and non-Arab thinkers, writers and poets have published their writings in it. Another reason imposed by the necessity of scientific research is that the journal’s issues from the first issue published in 1962 to issue 570 published in 2011 are available, and these issues will be the main source for this research.