MUSIC, SAMA’ AND SUFISM
MÜZİK, SEMÂ’ VE SÛFİZM

Author : Yalçın ÇETİNKAYA
Number of pages : 27-42

Abstract

Music, Sama’ and Sufism Sama’ or sima’ literally means audition, hearing someone’s good and nice fame. In terminology it denotes listening to a melody and the enthusiasm felt, acts done, because of the spiritual ecstasy felt during its audition. Şefik Can also gives a similar definition. He states that according to Sufis sama’ strengthens someone’s love for Allah and generates various states in him. These states cleanse the heart from the impurities and eventually take the person to the rank of the perfection in contemplating Allah and spiritual manifestation. In a way sama’ is the manifestation of a dervish’s love for Allah and his excitement through movements and whirling. Thus sama’ saves the dervish from his own being and gets him spiritually closer to Allah. It is like a chick trying to break the egg of ego; the bird of soul imprisoned in the cage of body fluttering towards the heavens; or a divine trust stuck in slime trying to save itself. Sama’ means to find Allah in one’s souls under the influence of music, to feel excitement, and to whirl like moths. This whirling is not done just by bodily movements. It should be performed with the entire soul, spirit, love, faith, material and spiritual being. In this whirling the lover of Truth is saved from his imaginary existence and his ego and disappears in Allah. It is the disappearance of the part in the Whole and ascendance of an atom whirling towards the Sun. According to Annemarie Schimmel, it is not even necessary to mention how an important place sama’ had in Maulana’s life and works. By looking into a few examples we can see how Maulana combined various trends in his view of sama’. The pre-eternal and post eternal Friend as mentioned in his quatrains manifests Himself dancing on the curtains of the heart so that He teaches the art of whirling during a sama’. This sama’ has a deep meaning; water of life gushes from the earth at the place where the Beloved stepped His feet on during His dancing.Music, according to Jean During, is universal like mystic. Both have almost universal rules and come together through practices particular to themselves and both of them are distinguished from others by the practices of different people. Be it during a sama’ or not there is such a special relation between a dervish and music. Music completes a dervishes chanting.

Keywords

Music, Sama, Love, Sufism, Zikr, Dervish

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